snuh ([info]snuh) wrote,
@ 2007-04-29 03:18:00
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something borrowed, something blue
Recently, the Guardian printed an article where the writer bemoans that nowadays, there's nothing new and original in music, that everything is a rehash of what came before when there was a regularity of fresh sounds:

Meet the future of pop music
  • What do this year's big hit acts sound like? Queen and Motown. And the hot young things? Like old mods and rock'n'roll. Maddy Costa reports on British pop's move back to the future
    If you're in the mood to feel disturbed by the British music scene, a glance at the album chart usually does the trick. Sure enough, this year's bestsellers have provided plenty of reason for gloom about our ability to produce forward-looking music. Two big successes so far this year have been Mika and Amy Winehouse: a man who would have us think he is the reincarnation of Freddie Mercury and a woman invoking the spirits of Motown to make what could have been the last great soul album of the 1960s.

    Here's an example of what Maddy Costa writes - A Mark Ronson production featuring Amy Winehouse channeling Motown - check out this version of Valerie that echos You Can't Hurry Love.

    Mark Ronson Featuring Amy Winehouse: Valerie - 5.02MB


    Now, this part I agree with:
    Ciaran "Simple Kid" McFeely doesn't think so. "The way 16-year-olds are thinking with computers," he says, "that's got to lead to something different - some sort of crazy mathematical musical matrix." Morley is inclined to agree. "There is a world," he suggests, "where, when people say, 'Where are the new Beatles?' the answer is the internet."

    But this is hogwash:
    "We've got the new thing - we just haven't been looking in the right place for it."

    The "new" thing has always been there, but what makes it out to the mass media is based on commercial concerns. It's not like there's nothing new and original. Just go down to the small clubs spread around and you'll hear plenty of new sounds. But economic conditions keep these bands down, the average person wants something they've heard before, the safe and familiar. Captain Beefheart said it best about his own music:

    Captain Beefheart Quotes
    "I think nutrition is very important. If you eat bad, you feel bad. If you feel bad, you do bad things. Most of modern rock and roll is a product of guilt. People cop licks off of dead people, like stealing pennies off a dead man's eyes. The movement needs a bowel movement."

    "I don't do lullabyes. I'm tired of lullabyes, like The Beatles. I heard *Lullabye of Broadway* when I was a baby, and I still hear it now, and I'm still a baby. We're the only people doing anything significant in modern music. I haven't heard anything else that gets away from mother's heartbeat. All I've heard is a rebelling against parents, and I'm tired of hearing that."

    "I don't believe in time, you know, 4/4 and all that stuff," Beefheart says. "Frank Zappa believes in time and we could never get it together. He writes all his music and gets sentimental about good old rock 'n' roll, but that's appeasement music."

    Music has been building on itself since the beginning of time, in regard to being totally new and original. Musicians have been "borrowing" from one another forever. Let's use Duke Ellington as an example.

    Duke Ellington: Happy Go Lucky Local Pts.1&2 - 12.6MB


    Wildness and order in Ellington's "Happy Go Lucky Local"
    ... Then, the full band returns, and we finally get to a theme, a clear, orderly melody - one that was to become very popular as the song "Night Train." First the saxes have it, with the brass answering staccato. Next, while the sax section plays high, shrieking chords, Cat Anderson plays the melody and answers himself with a very high rip, like the call of the train’s conductor saying "all aboard!" This music is so different from how I was--it’s that very obstruction that makes for the happy go lucky feeling!

    Night Train
    "Night Train" is a twelve bar blues instrumental standard first recorded by Jimmy Forrest in 1951. Other famous recordings of the tune were made by James Brown and Oscar Peterson.
    Origins and development
    "Night Train" has a long and complicated history. The piece's familiar opening riff was first recorded in 1940 by a small group led by Duke Ellington sideman Johnny Hodges under the title "That's the Blues, Old Man." Ellington used the same riff as the opening and closing theme of a longer-form composition, "Happy-Go-Lucky Local," that was itself one of four parts of his Deep South Suite.
    Johnny Hodges & His Orchestra: That's The Blues, Old Man - 6.62MB

    Forrest was part of Ellington's band when it performed this composition, which has a long tenor saxophone break in the middle. After leaving Ellington, Forrest recorded "Night Train" on United Records and had a major rhythm & blues hit. While "Night Train" employs the same riff as the earlier recordings, it is used in a much earthier R&B setting. Forrest inserted his own solo over a stop-time rhythm not used in the Ellington composition. He put his own stamp on the tune, but its relation to the earlier composition is obvious.
    Jimmy Forrest: Night Train - 5.54MB

    Lyrics
    Several different sets of lyrics were subsequently written for the tune of "Night Train". The earliest, written in 1952 by Oscar Washington and Lewis P. Simpkins, was a typical blues lament of a man who regrets treating his woman badly now that she's left him. Eddie Jefferson recorded a version with more optimistic lyrics about a woman returning to her man on the night train.

    James Brown's recording of "Night Train" (which he made in 1962) credited Washington and Simpkins but replaced their lyrics with a list of American cities (mostly in the Southern United States) which Brown shouted out along with many repetitions of the tune's name.
    James Brown: Night Train - 6.69MB


    More examples? Remember Sam Cooke's "Bring It On Home To Me"? While playing a club in the Southeast US to work off a gambling debt (Charles was a compulsive gambler), Sam heard Charles Brown play "I Want To Go Home" and told him he wanted to record it with him next time he was in Los Angeles.

    Charles Brown & Amos Milburn: I Want To Go Home - 2.31MB


    So, in 1961, Charles finds himself in LA, calls Cooke and makes arrangements to record I Want To Go Home. At the last minute, he cancels so he can head to the horse track. Lou Rawls stepped in, Sam already had rearranged it and changed the name to Bring It On Home to Me. It's listed as one of The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll.

    Sam Cooke: Bring It On Home To Me - 3.16MB


    How about an example of modern "borrowing"? In 1988, Marva Whitney recorded "Unwind Yourself" for James Brown's Original Funky Divas album. Whitney joined James Brown's band in 1967.

    Marva Whitney: Unwind Yourself - 6.02MB


    Now, add some DJ Mark The 45 King - from Wikipedia.
    The 45 King first gained fame with his breakbeat track "The 900 Number" in 1987. The song featured a looping tenor sax solo from Marva Whitney's "Unwind Yourself". The 45 King was signed to Tuff City Records that year and given a production deal. The "900 Number' remains his signature work having been resampled by many artists he was also featured on "1989-Hustlers Convention" album on the UK label Music Of Life considered by many to be rap's first ever live album.
    DJ Mark The 45 King: The 900 Number - 5.55MB


    A sample of Kool & The Gang...

    Kool & The Gang: Hollywood Swinging - 8.57MB


    Now you have a Go-Go hit for DJ Kool. Wikipedia:
    In 1996 Washington, D.C. based Go-go DJ, DJ Kool scored a big hit with the song "Let Me Clear My Throat." It was simply call-and-response vocals over the "900 Number" beat, but was popular nationwide. DJ Kool didn't just sample the track, he acknowledged the 45 King's as the song's originator, and the 45 King even remixed the track for Kool.
    DJ Kool: Let Me Clear My Throat - 10.90MB


    Are there a lack of fresh sounds? Of course not. Do musicians "borrow" with a regularity? What do you think?web hit counter


  • (14 comments) - (Post a new comment)


    [info]carless_sam
    2007-04-29 06:24 pm UTC (link)
    Good post. This reviewer apparently doesn't get the concept of musical evolution. Of course there are going to be recognizable elements in new music - a huge chunk of the Ramones catalog are covers, yet they sound quite a bit different than the original in most cases. Jeffery Lewis has a great track about the roots of 70s NYC punk showing how a sound gets built on the shoulders of its predecessors. It isn't borrowing so much as a natural, probably linguistic, process.

    (Reply to this) (Thread)


    [info]snuh
    2007-04-30 02:59 am UTC (link)
    I'm glad you enjoyed the post, collecting the music took quite a bit of time. I posted the excellent Lewis mp3 a few months ago, it's great: frankly, miss scarlett... Overall, I don't think musicians steal as much as they're exposed to similar influences.

    After the original Beatles manager, Brian Epstein, died, George, John and Ringo wanted Allen Klein to manage them. Paul wanted his wife's family to handle managerial duties (they were very qualified to do so and one of the reasons he's the richest of the former Beatles).

    To *get back* at them for not getting the gig, he bought the rights to The Chiffons "He's So Fine" and sued George Harrison in a landmark case for plagiarism, saying his "My Sweet Lord" was "borrowed" from "He's So Fine". What's ironic - he *did* steal it. He admitted in an interview he took the melody from the Edwin Hawkins Singers "Oh, Happy Day". From the link:
    The Court noted that HSF incorporated two basic musical phrases, which were called "motif A" and "motif B". Motif A consisted of four repetitions of the notes "G-E-D" or "sol-mi- re"; B was "G-A-C-A-C" or "sol-la-do-la-do", and in the second use of motif B, a grace note was inserted after the second A, making the phrase "sol-la-do-la-re-do". The experts for each party agreed that this was a highly unusual pattern.

    All US plagiarism suits are based on results of this one.

    (Reply to this) (Parent)(Thread)


    [info]carless_sam
    2007-04-30 03:19 am UTC (link)
    In most cases it's either a dialog, much like what happens with a jazz track that originates with one artist and is played in an entirely different way by another (Nina Simone's take on Mood Indigo being a favorite of mine as an example) or tribute (The Damned remake of Alone Again Or).

    The George Harrison plagiarism suit is one of the classic disasters of intellectual property law. It is like suing someone because you played a guitar with 6 strings, just like they did. Oy.

    (Reply to this) (Parent)(Thread)


    [info]snuh
    2007-04-30 04:08 am UTC (link)
    I wrote this in [info]retrofire's LJ:
    Getting metaphysical here, I think music comes from outside of ourselves, some musicians are open enough vehicles to catch the butterfly that flutters around their head. It's like owning land - how does someone own something that belongs to Mother Earth? The songs are floating around us, waiting to be tuned in like a celestial radio station.

    (Reply to this) (Parent)

    havn't heard that shit since yo mtv raps! died...
    [info]figarooplank
    2007-04-30 09:23 am UTC (link)
    *does the Ed Lover dance*

    (Reply to this) (Thread)

    Re: havn't heard that shit since yo mtv raps! died...
    [info]snuh
    2007-04-30 09:31 am UTC (link)

    (Reply to this) (Parent)(Thread)

    sweet.
    [info]yallabaxna
    2007-05-08 02:20 am UTC (link)
    Great post, it was awesome to hear the "originals" especially of my favorite Same Cooke song! It's not so much the words that were different but SC's voice totally changed the song, even though the music was basically not changed. I even like the original.
    And thanks for disecting Let Me Clear My Throat!

    (Reply to this) (Parent)(Thread)

    Re: sweet.
    [info]snuh
    2007-05-08 07:28 am UTC (link)
    No problem. I much prefer I Want To Go Home, even though Sam had a classic.

    (Reply to this) (Parent)


    [info]heartequals
    2007-05-28 05:49 am UTC (link)
    Hi, I found you off of hypemachine - this is a really great post. It really puts things into perspective, especially as I've found myself guilty of the same whining ("we're going backwards"). I had no idea that Sam Cooke's song was not the original. Thank you!

    (Reply to this) (Thread)


    [info]snuh
    2007-05-28 07:24 am UTC (link)
    Hi, I found you off of hypemachine

    I love the Hype Machine. Not only do I finally have a chance to find great new music, but getting listed quadrupled my readership. I was a working musician for over a decade, so I'm able to draw from my knowledge base. I've a lot of great stories about some amazing musicians I've known over the years I hope to post here. I try to stick to themes, so I have to wait till it matches up. I've also been to well over a thousand shows, so I've seen and heard quite a bit.

    this is a really great post

    Thanks. I put a lot of effort into it, so it's nice to read kind words. This post probably took about 20 hours to find the songs, links and format.

    It really puts things into perspective, especially as I've found myself guilty of the same whining ("we're going backwards").

    Where moving backwards into the future! As Shakespeare said, there's nothing new under the sun. But, a subset of a genre takes off on occasion, it's nice to see new sounds make their way into the public consciousness.

    I had no idea that Sam Cooke's song was not the original.

    That's only the tip of the iceberg. Being a musician, I hear a melody in a commercial that I immediately recognize, sometimes it may take a while to remember where I'd previously heard it. I love Nick Lowe. He had two great quotes I'll never forget - "They used to say in the recording studios during the 1960s, 'You can't shine shit', meaning that if the performance wasn't there, they couldn't fix it. Now they can" and "If you're going to nick a song, it's okay if you make it obvious", which makes it more a homage than a rip-off.

    Thank you!

    You're more than welcome!

    (Reply to this) (Parent)

    That's not a link to Jimmy Forrest's version
    (Anonymous)
    2007-07-06 10:18 pm UTC (link)
    Is this some kind of joke?

    The link above indicating Jimmy Forrest's version is anything but....sounds more like 101 Strings.

    If this is an honest mistake, could you fix it, so nobody gets the wrong idea?

    Thanks,

    InTheNeighborhood

    (Reply to this) (Thread)

    Re: That's not a link to Jimmy Forrest's version
    [info]snuh
    2007-07-06 11:41 pm UTC (link)
    Fixed.

    I welcome all corrections, sometimes the larger posts can be a bit daunting to put together and mistakes can be made - thanks for the heads up! My last intention is passing on wrong information. I'd accidentally posted a version by the Rastrelli Cello Quartett, which is right up there with 101 Strings.

    (Reply to this) (Parent)(Thread)

    Re: That's not a link to Jimmy Forrest's version
    (Anonymous)
    2007-08-01 12:39 pm UTC (link)
    Dean--

    Fantastic work with the "Night Train"/"Happy Go Lucky" etc. tracks. I wish I'd seen what you'd written before i did my "train songs" post, then I could've just linked to it and spared myself some labor--

    best,
    Chris

    (Reply to this) (Parent)(Thread)

    Re: That's not a link to Jimmy Forrest's version
    [info]snuh
    2007-08-01 08:10 pm UTC (link)
    Thanks. Coming from you, that's high honor!

    (Reply to this) (Parent)


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